Psalm 50 (51), the psalm of David's repentance

Psalm 50 (51), the psalm of David's repentance

Miserere — Psalm 51 (Have mercy on me, O God)

“Have mercy on me, O God, according to thy great mercy”: the great penitential psalm of Lent

LatinEnglish

Miserere mei, Deus, secundum magnam misericordiam tuam;
et secundum multitudinem miserationum tuarum, dele iniquitatem meam.

Have mercy on me, O God, according to thy great mercy.
And according to the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my iniquity.

Amplius lava me ab iniquitate mea,
et a peccato meo munda me.

Wash me yet more from my iniquity,
and cleanse me from my sin.

Quoniam iniquitatem meam ego cognosco,
et peccatum meum contra me est semper.

For I know my iniquity,
and my sin is always before me.

Tibi soli peccavi, et malum coram te feci;
ut justificeris in sermonibus tuis, et vincas cum judicaris.

To thee only have I sinned, and have done evil before thee:
that thou mayst be justified in thy words and mayst overcome when thou art judged.

Ecce enim in iniquitatibus conceptus sum,
et in peccatis concepit me mater mea.

For behold I was conceived in iniquities;
and in sins did my mother conceive me.

Ecce enim veritatem dilexisti;
incerta et occulta sapientiae tuae manifestasti mihi.

For behold thou hast loved truth:
the uncertain and hidden things of thy wisdom thou hast made manifest to me.

Asperges me hyssopo, et mundabor;
lavabis me, et super nivem dealbabor.

Thou shalt sprinkle me with hyssop, and I shall be cleansed:
thou shalt wash me, and I shall be made whiter than snow.

Auditui meo dabis gaudium et laetitiam,
et exsultabunt ossa humiliata.

To my hearing thou shalt give joy and gladness:
and the bones that have been humbled shall rejoice.

Averte faciem tuam a peccatis meis,
et omnes iniquitates meas dele.

Turn away thy face from my sins,
and blot out all my iniquities.

Cor mundum crea in me, Deus,
et spiritum rectum innova in visceribus meis.

Create a clean heart in me, O God:
and renew a right spirit within my bowels.

Ne projicias me a facie tua,
et spiritum sanctum tuum ne auferas a me.

Cast me not away from thy face;
and take not thy holy spirit from me.

Redde mihi laetitiam salutaris tui,
et spiritu principali confirma me.

Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation,
and strengthen me with a perfect spirit.

Docebo iniquos vias tuas,
et impii ad te convertentur.

I will teach the unjust thy ways:
and the wicked shall be converted to thee.

Libera me de sanguinibus, Deus, Deus salutis meae,
et exsultabit lingua mea justitiam tuam.

Deliver me from blood, O God, thou God of my salvation:
and my tongue shall extol thy justice.

Domine, labia mea aperies,
et os meum annuntiabit laudem tuam.

O Lord, thou wilt open my lips:
and my mouth shall declare thy praise.

Quoniam si voluisses sacrificium, dedissem utique;
holocaustis non delectaberis.

For if thou hadst desired sacrifice, I would indeed have given it:
with burnt offerings thou wilt not be delighted.

Sacrificium Deo spiritus contribulatus;
cor contritum et humiliatum, Deus, non despicies.

A sacrifice to God is an afflicted spirit:
a contrite and humbled heart, O God, thou wilt not despise.

Benigne fac, Domine, in bona voluntate tua Sion,
ut aedificentur muri Jerusalem.

Deal favourably, O Lord, in thy good will with Sion;
that the walls of Jerusalem may be built up.

Tunc acceptabis sacrificium justitiae, oblationes et holocausta;
tunc imponent super altare tuum vitulos.

Then shalt thou accept the sacrifice of justice, oblations and whole burnt offerings:
then shall they lay calves upon thy altar.

Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.

SourcePsalm 50 (51), the psalm of David's repentance · “Have mercy on me, O God, according to thy great mercy”: the great penitential psalm of Lent

The history of this prayer

The Miserere is Psalm 50 in the numbering of the Latin Vulgate and Psalm 51 in the Hebrew numbering that most modern Bibles follow. Its own heading ties it to King David, “when Nathan the prophet came to him after he had sinned with Bethsabee” (2 Samuel 12). The tradition therefore reads it as the prayer of a sinner who, once found out, makes no excuses: he owns his sin, asks to be washed, and trusts that God will not despise “a contrite and humbled heart”.

It is the fourth of the seven penitential psalms of Christian tradition, and perhaps the most prayed of them all. From it comes the “Asperges me”, sung at the sprinkling of holy water before Mass (“Thou shalt sprinkle me with hyssop, and I shall be cleansed”), and the verse “O Lord, thou wilt open my lips”, which opens the Church's prayer every morning.

In Lent

In the Liturgy of the Hours the Miserere is prayed at Morning Prayer every Friday, the day of the Passion. Parts of it form the responsorial psalm of Ash Wednesday, when Lent begins. In the traditional Breviary it was said at Lauds on penitential days, and in Holy Week it rang out at Tenebrae.

It was for Tenebrae in the Sistine Chapel that Gregorio Allegri composed, around 1638, his famous nine-voice Miserere. A letter of Leopold Mozart dated 14 April 1770 tells how his son Wolfgang, aged fourteen, heard it in Rome and wrote it down from memory the same day; historians argue over the details, but the music remains among the loveliest of Holy Week.

How to pray it

It can be prayed in full before confession, as an examination of conscience and a plea for pardon, or as a penance afterwards; on the Fridays of Lent; or simply when the weight of one's own sin presses hard. Prayed as a psalm, it ends with the Glory Be.

The Latin is the Vulgate, and the English is the Douay-Rheims translation, which follows it.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Miserere Psalm 50 or Psalm 51?

Both numbers refer to the same psalm: 50 in the Latin Vulgate numbering (used by the Douay-Rheims), 51 in the Hebrew numbering used by most modern Bibles.

What does “Miserere” mean?

“Have mercy”, the first word of the psalm in Latin: “Miserere mei, Deus”, “Have mercy on me, O God”.

When is the Miserere prayed?

In the Liturgy of the Hours at Morning Prayer every Friday; on Ash Wednesday as the responsorial psalm; and in private devotion especially before or after confession and on the Fridays of Lent.

More prayers: Lent and Holy Week

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